implement Hash for PathAndQuery (#582)

this provides an implementation of `Hash` for the `PathAndQuery`
structure.

an example program is shown below, demonstrating why this would be a
desirable improvement in ergonomics.

rust playground: https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=cb5e9eb3afc705d7760af0fe695fe3a5

```rust
 //! A small example program demonstrating the ergonomics of [`Hash::hash`]ing
 // structures that contain a [`http::uri::PathAndQuery`] in an inner field.

 #![allow(dead_code)]

 use {
     http::uri::PathAndQuery,
     std::hash::{Hash, Hasher},
 };

 /// A structure that *can* be hashed.
 ///
 /// Note that it must convert the [`PathAndQuery`] to a string in order to be
 /// derivably [`Hash`]able.
 #[derive(Hash)]
 struct CanBeHashed {
     inner: String,
 }

 impl CanBeHashed {
     pub fn new(path_and_query: PathAndQuery) -> Self {
         let inner = path_and_query.as_str().to_owned();
         Self { inner }
     }

     pub fn path_and_query(&self) -> PathAndQuery {
         // We can derive a `Hash` implementation, but in order to access the
         // path and query, we have to parse the data again.
         self
             .inner
             .parse::<PathAndQuery>()
             .expect("inner data is a valid `PathAndQuery`")
     }
 }

 /// A structure that *cannot* be derivably hashed.
 ///
 /// If we uncomment the derivation below, and comment out the manual
 /// implementation provided later, we will see the following error:
 ///
 /// ```ignore
 /// error[E0277]: the trait bound `PathAndQuery: Hash` is not satisfied
 ///   --> src/main.rs:26:5
 ///    |
 /// 24 | #[derive(Hash)]
 ///    |          ---- in this derive macro expansion
 /// 25 | struct CannotBeHashed {
 /// 26 |     inner: PathAndQuery,
 ///    |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `Hash` is not implemented for `PathAndQuery`
 /// ```
 // #[derive(Hash)]
 struct CannotBeHashed {
     inner: PathAndQuery,
 }

 impl CannotBeHashed {
     fn new(inner: PathAndQuery) -> Self {
         Self { inner }
     }

     pub fn path_and_query(&self) -> &PathAndQuery {
         // The path and query can be cheaply accessed as such...
         &self.inner
     }
 }

 impl Hash for CannotBeHashed {
     fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
         // ...but we must manually implement `Hash`, casting the `PathAndQuery`
         // into a string slice.
         let Self { inner } = self;
         inner.as_str().hash(state);
     }
 }

 // NB: a clever reader may note `PathAndQuery::from_maybe_shared`, which could
 // reduce copying overhead! This still entails iterating through the buffer
 // to find the beginning of the query component, unfortunately.  :,(

 fn main() {}
```

Author: katelyn martin

src/uri/path.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::convert::TryFrom;
 use std::str::FromStr;
-use std::{cmp, fmt, str};
+use std::{cmp, fmt, hash, str};
 
 use bytes::Bytes;
 
@@ -342,6 +342,12 @@ impl fmt::Display for PathAndQuery {
     }
 }
 
+impl hash::Hash for PathAndQuery {
+    fn hash<H: hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.data.hash(state);
+    }
+}
+
 // ===== PartialEq / PartialOrd =====
 
 impl PartialEq for PathAndQuery {