ld: library 'capstone' not found (macOS 14.3 on arm64)

[Vishal1309]

Here are the build logs, please help rbenv install 3.1.2:

...
linking shared-library libruby.3.1.dylib
transdb.h updated
ld: library 'capstone' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make: *** [libruby.3.1.dylib] Error 1

cd /var/folders/sn/9z0gqt1n6v1fcdp9647h8mqw0000gn/T/ruby-build.20240214145657.38539.6oPa1X
==> Downloading ruby-3.1.2.tar.gz...
-> curl -q -fL -o ruby-3.1.2.tar.gz https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/3.1/ruby-3.1.2.tar.gz
-> tar xzf ruby-3.1.2.tar.gz
cd /var/folders/sn/9z0gqt1n6v1fcdp9647h8mqw0000gn/T/ruby-build.20240214145657.38539.6oPa1X/ruby-3.1.2
==> Installing ruby-3.1.2...
-> ./configure "--prefix=$HOME/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2" --with-openssl-dir=/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3 --enable-shared --with-readline-dir=/opt/homebrew/opt/readline --with-libyaml-dir=/opt/homebrew/opt/libyaml --with-gmp-dir=/opt/homebrew/opt/gmp --with-ext=openssl,psych,+
checking for ruby... /usr/bin/ruby
tool/config.guess already exists
tool/config.sub already exists
checking build system type... aarch64-apple-darwin23.3.0
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checking for mach-o/loader.h... yes
checking whether OS depend dynamic link works... yes
checking whether -Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup is accepted as LDFLAGS... yes
checking whether -Wl,-multiply_defined,suppress is accepted as LDFLAGS... no
checking libproc.h usability... yes
checking libproc.h presence... yes
checking for libproc.h... yes
checking execinfo.h usability... yes
checking execinfo.h presence... yes
checking for execinfo.h... yes
checking for backtrace in -lexecinfo... no
checking libunwind.h usability... yes
checking libunwind.h presence... yes
checking for libunwind.h... yes
checking for backtrace... yes
checking for broken backtrace... yes
checking valgrind/memcheck.h usability... no
checking valgrind/memcheck.h presence... no
checking for valgrind/memcheck.h... no
checking for strip flags... -A -n
checking whether -Wl,--no-as-needed is accepted as LDFLAGS... no
checking whether -Wl,--no-undefined is accepted as LDFLAGS... no
checking whether wrapper for DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH is needed... yes
checking whether dtrace USDT is available... yes(-xnolibs)
checking whether dtrace needs post processing... no
checking for __builtin_setjmp... (cached) no
checking for _setjmpex as a macro or function... no
checking for _setjmp as a macro or function... yes
checking for sigsetjmp as a macro or function... yes
checking for setjmp type... sigsetjmp,0
checking for prefix of external symbols... _
checking pthread.h usability... yes
checking pthread.h presence... yes
checking for pthread.h... yes
checking if make is GNU make... yes
.ext/include/arm64-darwin23/ruby/config.h updated
configure: ruby library version = 3.1.0
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating GNUmakefile
config.status: creating Makefile
---
Configuration summary for ruby version 3.1.2

   * Installation prefix: /Users/vissoni/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2
   * exec prefix:         ${prefix}
   * arch:                arm64-darwin23
   * site arch:           ${arch}
   * RUBY_BASE_NAME:      ruby
   * enable shared:       yes
   * ruby lib prefix:     ${libdir}/${RUBY_BASE_NAME}
   * site libraries path: ${rubylibprefix}/${sitearch}
   * vendor path:         ${rubylibprefix}/vendor_ruby
   * target OS:           darwin23
   * compiler:            clang
   * with pthread:        yes
   * with coroutine:      arm64
   * enable shared libs:  yes
   * dynamic library ext: bundle
   * CFLAGS:              -fdeclspec ${optflags} ${debugflags} ${warnflags}
   * LDFLAGS:             -L. -fstack-protector-strong \
                          -L/opt/homebrew/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/lib
   * DLDFLAGS:            -Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup
   * optflags:            -O3 -fno-fast-math
   * debugflags:          -ggdb3
   * warnflags:           -Wall -Wextra -Wdeprecated-declarations \
                          -Wdivision-by-zero \
                          -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int \
                          -Wmisleading-indentation -Wpointer-arith \
                          -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wwrite-strings \
                          -Wold-style-definition -Wmissing-noreturn \
                          -Wno-cast-function-type \
                          -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long \
                          -Wno-missing-field-initializers \
                          -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-parentheses-equality \
                          -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare \
                          -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value \
                          -Wunused-variable -Wextra-tokens -Wundef
   * strip command:       strip -A -n
   * install doc:         rdoc
   * JIT support:         yes
   * man page type:       doc
   * BASERUBY -v:         ruby 2.6.10p210 (2022-04-12 revision 67958) \
                          [universal.arm64e-darwin23]

---
-> make -j 8
	BASERUBY = /usr/bin/ruby --disable=gems
	CC = clang
	LD = clang
	LDSHARED = clang -dynamiclib
	CFLAGS = -fdeclspec -O3 -fno-fast-math -ggdb3 -Wall -Wextra -Wdeprecated-declarations -Wdivision-by-zero -Wimplicit-function-declaration -Wimplicit-int -Wmisleading-indentation -Wpointer-arith -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wwrite-strings -Wold-style-definition -Wmissing-noreturn -Wno-cast-function-type -Wno-constant-logical-operand -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-overlength-strings -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-self-assign -Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-value -Wunused-variable -Wextra-tokens -Wundef -std=gnu99  -I/opt/homebrew/Cellar/capstone/5.0.1/include/capstone -fno-common -pipe 
	XCFLAGS = -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -fno-strict-overflow -fvisibility=hidden -DRUBY_EXPORT -I. -I.ext/include/arm64-darwin23 -I./include -I. -I./enc/unicode/13.0.0
	CPPFLAGS = -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT -D_REENTRANT   
	DLDFLAGS = -Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup -install_name /Users/vissoni/.rbenv/versions/3.1.2/lib/libruby.3.1.dylib -compatibility_version 3.1 -current_version 3.1.2  -fstack-protector-strong -framework CoreFoundation  -fstack-protector-strong -framework CoreFoundation  
	SOLIBS = -lpthread -lcapstone -ldl -lobjc
	LANG = en_US.UTF-8
	LC_ALL = 
	LC_CTYPE = 
	MFLAGS = - --jobserver-fds=6,7 -j
Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5)
Target: arm64-apple-darwin23.3.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin
compiling ./main.c
compiling dmydln.c
compiling miniinit.c
compiling dmyext.c
translating probes probes.d
compiling ast.c
compiling bignum.c
compiling class.c
compiling compar.c
. ./vm_opts.h
compiling compile.c
compiling complex.c
compiling cont.c
compiling debug.c
compiling debug_counter.c
compiling dir.c
compiling dln_find.c
compiling encoding.c
compiling enum.c
compiling enumerator.c
compiling error.c
error.c:2347:11: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is treated as a zero-parameter prototype in C2x, conflicting with a previous declaration [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
    char *strerror();
          ^
compiling eval.c
compiling file.c
compiling gc.c
compiling hash.c
compiling inits.c
1 warning generated.
compiling io.c
compiling io_buffer.c
compiling iseq.c
compiling load.c
compiling marshal.c
compiling math.c
compiling memory_view.c
making mjit_config.h
compiling mjit_compile.c
compiling node.c
compiling numeric.c
compiling object.c
compiling pack.c
compiling parse.c
compiling proc.c
parse.c:6280:9: warning: variable 'yynerrs' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
    int yynerrs;
        ^
compiling process.c
In file included from parse.y:8011:
defs/keywords:5:30: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is treated as a zero-parameter prototype in C2x, conflicting with a subsequent definition [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
static const struct kwtable *reserved_word(/*const char *, unsigned int*/);
                             ^
defs/keywords:162:1: note: conflicting prototype is here
rb_reserved_word (register const char *str, register size_t len)
^
defs/keywords:6:36: note: expanded from macro 'rb_reserved_word'
#define rb_reserved_word(str, len) reserved_word(str, len)
                                   ^
compiling ractor.c
compiling random.c
ractor.c:2677:10: warning: variable 'pcnt' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
    int *pcnt = (int *)ptr;
         ^
compiling range.c
compiling rational.c
1 warning generated.
compiling re.c
compiling regcomp.c
compiling regenc.c
compiling regerror.c
compiling regexec.c
compiling regparse.c
compiling regsyntax.c
compiling ruby.c
compiling scheduler.c
compiling signal.c
compiling sprintf.c
compiling st.c
compiling strftime.c
compiling string.c
compiling struct.c
compiling symbol.c
compiling thread.c
compiling time.c
compiling transcode.c
compiling transient_heap.c
compiling util.c
2 warnings generated.
compiling variable.c
compiling vm.c
compiling vm_backtrace.c
In file included from vm.c:376:
./vm_insnhelper.c:2700:19: warning: passing arguments to a function without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is not supported in C2x [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
    return (*func)(recv, rb_ary_new4(argc, argv));
                  ^
./vm_insnhelper.c:2707:19: warning: passing arguments to a function without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is not supported in C2x [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
    return (*func)(argc, argv, recv);
                  ^
./vm_insnhelper.c:2841:19: warning: passing arguments to a function without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is not supported in C2x [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
    return (*func)(recv, rb_ary_new4(argc, argv));
                  ^
./vm_insnhelper.c:2847:19: warning: passing arguments to a function without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is not supported in C2x [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
    return (*func)(argc, argv, recv);
                  ^
compiling vm_dump.c
compiling vm_sync.c
compiling vm_trace.c
compiling yjit.c
compiling ./missing/explicit_bzero.c
compiling ./missing/setproctitle.c
compiling addr2line.c
compiling dmyenc.c
compiling dln.c
compiling localeinit.c
compiling array.c
dln.c:74:7: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is treated as a zero-parameter prototype in C2x, conflicting with a previous declaration [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
char *getenv();
      ^
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdlib.h:147:7: note: conflicting prototype is here
char    *getenv(const char *);
         ^
1 warning generated.
compiling mjit.c
assembling coroutine/arm64/Context.S
compiling enc/ascii.c
compiling enc/us_ascii.c
compiling enc/unicode.c
compiling enc/utf_8.c
compiling enc/trans/newline.c
config.status: creating ruby-runner.h
./revision.h unchanged
compiling version.c
In file included from enc/unicode.c:177:
./enc/unicode/13.0.0/name2ctype.h:39180:43: warning: a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated in all versions of C and is treated as a zero-parameter prototype in C2x, conflicting with a subsequent definition [-Wdeprecated-non-prototype]
static const struct uniname2ctype_struct *uniname2ctype_p(
                                          ^
./enc/unicode/13.0.0/name2ctype.h:41088:1: note: conflicting prototype is here
uniname2ctype_p (register const char *str, register size_t len)
^
1 warning generated.
4 warnings generated.
linking miniruby
generating encdb.h
builtin_binary.inc updated
encdb.h updated
compiling builtin.c
/bin/sh ./tool/ifchange "--timestamp=.rbconfig.time" rbconfig.rb rbconfig.tmp
rbconfig.rb updated
generating enc.mk
creating verconf.h
building rb_mjit_header.h
verconf.h updated
compiling loadpath.c
making srcs under enc
linking static-library libruby.3.1-static.a
rb_mjit_header.h updated
building .ext/include/arm64-darwin23/rb_mjit_min_header-3.1.2.h
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `srcs'.
generating transdb.h
linking shared-library libruby.3.1.dylib
transdb.h updated
ld: library 'capstone' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make: *** [libruby.3.1.dylib] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
transform_mjit_header: making external definition static inline: rb_vm_lvar_exposed, Init_vm_stack_canary, rb_vm_opt_cfunc_p, rb_vm_opt_mod, rb_vm_ic_hit_p, rb_vm_splat_array, rb_vm_defined, rb_vm_cc_general, rb_aliased_callable_method_entry, rb_find_defined_class_by_owner, rb_vm_call_ivar_attrset_p, rb_iseq_only_kwparam_p, rb_iseq_only_optparam_p, rb_vm_set_ivar_idx, rb_vm_setinstancevariable, rb_vm_setclassvariable, rb_vm_getclassvariable, rb_vm_rewrite_cref, rb_vm_get_cref, rb_vm_block_ep_update, rb_vm_cref_new_toplevel, rb_vm_cref_dup_without_refinements, rb_vm_frame_block_handler, rb_vm_cframe_keyword_p, rb_vm_ep_local_ep
transform_mjit_header: making declaration static inline: rb_vm_lvar_exposed, rb_vm_lvar_exposed, Init_vm_stack_canary, rb_vm_rewrite_cref, rb_vm_frame_block_handler, rb_vm_block_ep_update, rb_vm_ep_local_ep
transform_mjit_header: SKIPPED to transform: __sigbits, isspecial, isrune, isphonogram, isnumber, isideogram, ishexnumber, digittoint, toupper, tolower, toascii, isxdigit, isupper, isspace, ispunct, isprint, islower, isgraph, isdigit, iscntrl, isblank, isalpha, isalnum, __wcwidth, __isctype, __istype, isascii, __sincospi, __sincospif, __sincos, __sincosf, __inline_isnormall, __inline_isnormald, __inline_isnormalf, __inline_signbitl, __inline_signbitd, __inline_signbitf, __inline_isnanl, __inline_isnand, __inline_isnanf, __inline_isinfl, __inline_isinfd, __inline_isinff, __inline_isfinitel, __inline_isfinited, __inline_isfinitef, __darwin_fd_clr, __darwin_fd_set, __darwin_fd_isset, __darwin_check_fd_set, __sputc
ln -sf ../../../.ext/include/arm64-darwin23/rb_mjit_min_header-3.1.2.h include/ruby-3.1.0/arm64-darwin23/rb_mjit_min_header-3.1.2.h
external command failed with status 2

[mislav]

This is just a guess, but could you check if you had "capstone" installed via Homebrew, and uninstall it prior to compiling Ruby? rvm/rvm#5189

Otherwise, I have never seen this error before.

[rqsilva]

This worked for me on my M3 trying to install ruby 3.1.2 ^. brew uninstall capstone then installing ruby 3.1.2 fixed my issue. I see this solution also referenced here: #1933 (reply in thread)