test(package): fail with unpublished cyclic/transitive deps

After dd698ff,
`cargo package --no-verify` at least fails in three different cases:

* An unpublished package depending on itself as a dev-dependency (cyclic self-referential dev-dependencies).
  * Can be resolved by removing the `version` field from the affected dev-dependency.
  * `-Zpackage-workspace` doesn't help with it.
* Existing `cargo package` has `--package <pkg>` specifying certain unpublished packages.
  * Can be resolved by specifying all unpublished packages in one `cargo` call.
  * `-Zpackage-workspace` also requires all dependency versions available in the target registry when calling, so doesn't help.
* `cargo package --no-verify` has been used as a kind of “plumbing commands” to create tarballs without considering dependency orders. The use cases include:
  * Preparing tarballs for other package managers.
  * Integrating into custom develop workflows for unpublished/internal crates.
  * Constructing custom/private registries.

This commit shows the former two cases.

Author: weihanglo

tests/testsuite/package.rs

@@ -7284,3 +7284,93 @@ This might cause the `.crate` file to include incorrect or incomplete files
         ],
     );
 }
+
+// A failing case from <https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/15059>
+#[cargo_test]
+fn unpublished_cyclic_dev_dependencies() {
+    registry::init();
+    let p = project()
+        .file(
+            "Cargo.toml",
+            r#"
+                [package]
+                name = "foo"
+                version = "0.0.1"
+                edition = "2015"
+                authors = []
+                license = "MIT"
+                description = "foo"
+                documentation = "foo"
+
+                [dev-dependencies]
+                foo = { path = ".", version = "0.0.1" }
+            "#,
+        )
+        .file("src/lib.rs", "")
+        .build();
+
+    p.cargo("package --no-verify")
+        .with_status(101)
+        .with_stderr_data(str![[r#"
+[PACKAGING] foo v0.0.1 ([ROOT]/foo)
+[UPDATING] `dummy-registry` index
+[ERROR] failed to prepare local package for uploading
+
+Caused by:
+  no matching package named `foo` found
+  location searched: `dummy-registry` index (which is replacing registry `crates-io`)
+  required by package `foo v0.0.1 ([ROOT]/foo)`
+
+"#]])
+        .run();
+}
+
+// A failing case from <https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/15059>
+#[cargo_test]
+fn unpublished_dependency() {
+    registry::init();
+    let p = project()
+        .file(
+            "Cargo.toml",
+            r#"
+                [package]
+                name = "foo"
+                version = "0.0.1"
+                edition = "2015"
+                authors = []
+                license = "MIT"
+                description = "foo"
+                documentation = "foo"
+
+                [dependencies]
+                dep = { path = "./dep", version = "0.0.1" }
+            "#,
+        )
+        .file("src/lib.rs", "")
+        .file(
+            "dep/Cargo.toml",
+            r#"
+                [package]
+                name = "dep"
+                version = "0.0.1"
+                edition = "2015"
+            "#,
+        )
+        .file("src/lib.rs", "")
+        .build();
+
+    p.cargo("package --no-verify -p foo")
+        .with_status(101)
+        .with_stderr_data(str![[r#"
+[PACKAGING] foo v0.0.1 ([ROOT]/foo)
+[UPDATING] `dummy-registry` index
+[ERROR] failed to prepare local package for uploading
+
+Caused by:
+  no matching package named `dep` found
+  location searched: `dummy-registry` index (which is replacing registry `crates-io`)
+  required by package `foo v0.0.1 ([ROOT]/foo)`
+
+"#]])
+        .run();
+}