Add the Exponential Search algorithm with explanation and examples

[abhishektripathi66]

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[saurabh12nxf]

Hello @abhishektripathi66 ,

I noticed the problem related to Exponential Search Algorithm and I would like to take it up. I understand searching algorithms well and I am sure I can do this efficiently.

This is a high-level summary of how I will do it:

1. Create the Exponential Search Function: I will create a function "exponentialSearch" that locates the range in which the target element might be present and then carries out a binary search in that interval.
2. Create the Binary Search Function: I will create a helper function "binarySearch" that conducts the search within the range found.
3. "Test the Implementation:" I will build test sorted arrays and test the function to make sure it is working properly.

Let me know if I can be given this issue. I'm looking forward to contributing!

Thank you!

Best regards,
Saurabh Singh