ci: optimize Dockerfile multi-stage build

[iutx]

What this PR does / why we need it:

1. Optimize Dockerfile multi-stage build.
2. All build behavior within container.

Local build command:

docker build --build-context erda-ui-enterprise=../erda-ui-enterprise . -t <> 

@laojun @sfwn

I have checked the following points:

• I18n is finished and updated by cli
• Form fields validation is added and length is limited
• Display normally on small screen
• Display normally when some data is empty or null
• Display normally in english mode

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #

• Fixes #your-issue_number
• [Erda Cloud Issue Link](paste your link here)

Does this PR introduce a user interface change?

✅ Yes(screenshot is required)
❎ No

ChangeLog

Language	Changelog
🇺🇸 English	optimize Dockerfile multi-stage build
🇨🇳 中文	优化 Dockerfile 多阶段构建

Need cherry-pick to release versions?

✅ Yes(version is required)
❎ No

[sfwn]

/approve